不同负荷运动训练对大鼠骨骼肌线粒体三羧酸循环的影响及其机制研究     

李洁  杨静  赵丽丽 《武汉体育学院学报》2019,53(5):88-94

目的：探讨不同负荷运动训练对大鼠骨骼肌线粒体三羧酸循环的影响及其机制。方法：将雄性Wistar大鼠50只随机均分为5组：安静对照组（C）、低负荷运动训练组（LT）、中等负荷运动训练组（MT）、高负荷运动训练组（HT）和极高负荷运动训练组（ST），每组10只。各运动组分别进行6周的跑台运动训练。训练方案结束后，取腓肠肌样本，提取线粒体，测定线粒体柠檬酸合成酶（CS）、异柠檬酸脱氢酶（ICD）和α-酮戊二酸脱氢酶（α-KGDHC）活性；线粒体Ga²⁺含量、胞浆NADH、NAD⁺、ATP和ADP含量，以及ICD mRNA转录水平。结果：（1）不同负荷运动训练组线粒体CS、ICD和α-KGDHC的活性均显著高于安静对照组（P < 0.01），且CS和ICD活性由高到低顺序均为：MT组 > HT组 > ST组 > LT组 > C组，α-KGDHC活性由高到低顺序为：HT组 > MT组 > ST组 > LT组 > C组。（2）不同负荷运动训练组线粒体Ca²⁺ 含量均显著高于安静对照组（P < 0.01），其含量由高到低顺序为：MT组 > HT组 > ST组 > LT组 > C组；胞浆NADH/NAD⁺和ATP/ADP的比值均显著低于安静对照组（P < 0.01），其比值由低到高顺序为：MT组 < ST组 < HT组 < LT组 < C组。（3）不同负荷运动训练组ICD mRNA转录水平均高于安静对照组（P < 0.01），其水平由高到低顺序为： MT组 > HT组 > ST组 > LT组 > C组。结论：低负荷、中等负荷、高负荷及极高负荷运动训练均可提高大鼠骨骼肌线粒体三羧酸循环功能，且中等负荷运动训练效果最佳。其机制与胞浆NADH/NAD⁺和ATP/ADP比值、线粒体摄钙能力及限速酶基因的表达有关。  相似文献   

Carnosine in health and disease     

Guilherme Giannini Artioli  Craig Sale  Rebecca Louise Jones 《European Journal of Sport Science》2019,19(1):30-39

Abstract

Carnosine was originally discovered in skeletal muscle, where it exists in larger amounts than in other tissues. The majority of research into the physiological roles of carnosine have been conducted on skeletal muscle. Given this and the potential for muscle carnosine content to be increased with supplementation, there is now a large body of research examining the ergogenic effects (or otherwise) of carnosine. More recent research, however, points towards a potential for carnosine to exert a wider range of physiological effects in other tissues, including the brain, heart, pancreas, kidney and cancer cells. Taken together, this is suggestive of a potential for carnosine to have therapeutic benefits in health and disease, although this is by no means without complication. Herein, we will provide a review of the current literature relating to the potential therapeutic effects of carnosine in health and disease.  相似文献   

The effect of exercise interventions on resting metabolic rate: A systematic review and meta-analysis     

Kristen MacKenzie-Shalders  Jaimon T. Kelly  Daniel So  Vernon G. Coffey  Nuala M. Byrne 《Journal of sports sciences》2020,38(14):1635-1649

ABSTRACT

The systematic review and meta-analysis evaluated the effect of aerobic, resistance and combined exercise on RMR (kCal·day^-1) and performed a methodological assessment of indirect calorimetry protocols within the included studies. Subgroup analyses included energy/diet restriction and body composition changes. Randomized control trials (RCTs), quasi – RCTs and cohort trials featuring a physical activity intervention of any form and duration excluding single exercise bouts were included. Participant exclusions included medical conditions impacting upon RMR, the elderly (≥65 years of age) or pregnant, lactating or post-menopausal women. The review was registered in the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (CRD 42,017,058,503). 1669 articles were identified; 22 were included in the qualitative analysis and 18 were meta-analysed. Exercise interventions (aerobic and resistance exercise combined) did not increase resting metabolic rate (mean difference (MD): 74.6 kCal·day^-1[95% CI: ?13.01, 161.33], P = 0.10). While there was no effect of aerobic exercise on RMR (MD: 81.65 kCal·day^-1[95% CI: ?57.81, 221.10], P = 0.25), resistance exercise increased RMR compared to controls (MD: 96.17 kCal·day^-1[95% CI: 45.17, 147.16], P = 0.0002). This systematic review effectively synthesises the effect of exercise interventions on RMR in comparison to controls; despite heterogenous methodologies and high risk of bias within included studies.  相似文献   

平行强外磁场中的氢分子离子的能量计算     

惠萍 《广东教育学院学报》2006,26(5):55-60

采用单中心展开方法和Bohn-Oppenheimer近似,用B-splines技术研究平行强外场下的氢分子离子的基态和低激发态能量的收敛性.在计算中,将径向波函数和角向波函数用B-splines基函数展开.外加磁场强度为2.35×103→2.35×106T,计算能量可以收敛到±10-6~±10-8eV.与其他计算结果比较表明,B-splines技术很适合用来研究强外磁场下的分子能量的计算,在强外磁场B=2.35×106T的情况下,仍可以获得±10-6eV精度.  相似文献   

生长猪真可消化磷需要量的研究     

张永刚  李铁军  黄瑞林  印遇龙  张平  范明哲  方热军  汤海林  周绍儒 《中国科学院研究生院学报》2006,23(4):500-508

采用单因子随机分组设计,以真可消化磷(TdP)为指标,配制了5种生长猪试验日粮,并使其总钙与TdP的比例为2∶1.通过对生长性能和血清生化指标等的评定,对TdP需要量进行了初步研究.结果为:(1)得出生长猪平均日增重(ADG)随日粮TdP变化的多元方程;(2)拟合出了料肉比(F/G)随日粮TdP含量变化的多元方程;(3)根据血清无机磷浓度与日粮TdP含量的关系,也拟出了多元方程;(4)血清碱性磷酸酶(ALP)活性随着日粮TdP含量的升高呈下降趋势(P>0·05);(5)血清钙浓度基本不受日粮真可消化磷含量的影响.血清钙浓度随日粮钙含量的变化趋势,与血清无机磷随日粮TdP含量变化的趋势相似,且各组之间差异不显著(P>0·05).由此,本研究推荐生长猪真可消化磷的需要量为0·34%,相应地,总钙的需要量为0·68%.  相似文献   

桑树木腐病的初步研究     

张月季  游汝恒  郑慧清 《科技通报》2006,22(5):648-650

浙江省杭州的桑树和喜树感染一种层孔菌(暗黄层孔菌)后,形成树木木腐甚至枯死。发病严重度和土壤的酸碱度及湿度有密切关系。暗黄层孔菌在酸性米饭培养基培养成功。用石灰治疗有效。  相似文献   

人牙及骨组织中稀土分布状态的研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

程发良  钟广涛 《科技通报》1994,10(6):380-382

测定了人体骨胳、牙齿中的稀土含量，考察了牙齿作为研究人体稀土代谢状况样品的可行性，研究了微量稀土元素在人牙、骨中的分布状态，提出了稀土在人体不同部位骨胳中分布的可能机制。  相似文献   

荧光标记法检测活细胞内游离钙离子浓度的改进   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

许鑫华  傅英松  韩波  何淑兰  王遵  陈强 《科技通报》2003,19(4):282-284

改进了活细胞内游离钙离子浓度的测定方法，即用惰性基体纳米微球包埋荧光染料，将荧光纳米微球转运进细胞，用于细胞内游离钙离子浓度的实时测定。该方法与传统方法相比，染料不易泄漏，不会出现分室现象，不易光漂白，是一种非常有实用价值的测量活细胞内游离钙离子浓度的方法。  相似文献   

“文学”介入“教育史”的反思——读陈旭麓《近代中国社会的新陈代谢》     

肖菊梅  张杰 《煤炭高等教育》2011,29(2):101-104

《近代中国社会的新陈代谢》是陈旭麓先生编写的一部具有哲理性的历史著作,在该著中作者运用了大量的＂文学＂语言,这种以＂文学＂为叙事历史的手法,在历史描述中具有十分重要的意义及作用,同时也给我们今天的教育史研究及教育史教材编写以借鉴。  相似文献   

Personal Review： Sources of sulfide in waste streams and current biotechnologies for its removal   总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6  

MAHMOOD Qaisar ZHENG Ping CAI Jing HAYAT Yousaf HASSAN Muhammad Jaffar WU Dong-lei HU Bao-lan 《浙江大学学报(A卷英文版)》2007,8(7):1126-1140

Sulfide-containing waste streams are generated by a number of industries. It is emitted into the environment as dis- solved sulfide (S2- and HS-) in wastewaters and as H2S in waste gases. Due to its corrosive nature, biological hydrogen sulfide removal processes are being investigated to overcome the chemical and disposal costs associated with existing chemically based removal processes. The nitrogen and sulfur metabolism interacts at various levels of the wastewater treatment process. Hence, the sulfur cycle offers possibilities to integrate nitrogen removal in the treatment process, which needs to be further optimized by appropriate design of the reactor configuration, optimization of performance parameters, retention of biomass and optimization of biomass growth. The present paper reviews the biotechnological advances to remove sulfides from various environments.  相似文献